The Parisian club has now won the season-opening trophy on fourteen different occasions.
Paris Saint-Germain needed a dramatic leveler followed by a perfect penalty shootout to get past Marseille in Kuwait and capture a record-extending fourth consecutive French Super Cup victory.
The European champions appeared to be coasting towards a comfortable win in the showdown between the French league champions and the Coupe de France winners after the French winger found the scoring early on.
However, Marseille struck two times in the closing moments to take a shock lead. Initially, Mason Greenwood scored from the spot-kick, before the defender inadvertently turned the ball into his own net for an own-goal.
In a breathtaking twist of fortune, Goncalo Ramos grabbed a crucial equaliser in the final seconds to force the contest into a penalty shootout. The Parisian shot-stopper Lucas Chevalier then stood as the key figure, stopping decisive kicks from O'Riley and Traore.
From the spot, Ramos, the midfielder, the full-back, and Desire Doue all scored successfully for Paris Saint-Germain to complete a 4-1 penalty win.
Now 14-time champions Paris Saint-Germain, who faced last season's Ligue 1 second-placed team Marseille after completing a domestic double, have now won this trophy for the 12th time in the last 13 years.